Towing a trailer can be a practical solution for transporting goods, camping gear, or even moving house. However, when dealing with an unbraked trailer, special precautions must be taken to ensure safety, compliance with regulations, and a smooth towing experience.

Understanding an Unbraked Trailer

An unbraked trailer does not have an independent braking system. Unlike braked trailers, which have their own braking mechanism that activates when the towing vehicle slows down, unbraked trailers rely solely on the towing vehicle’s brakes.

Weight Limit for Unbraked Trailers

Before you hitch an unbraked trailer, it’s essential to know the maximum towing capacity of your vehicle. Most countries have laws that limit how much weight an unbraked trailer can carry.

  • In the UK, an unbraked trailer’s maximum weight must not exceed 750 kg or half the towing vehicle’s weight, whichever is lower.

  • In the US, limits vary by state, but many states restrict unbraked trailers to 1,500 lbs (680 kg) or less.

  • Always check local regulations to ensure compliance.

Steps to Hitch an Unbraked Trailer Safely

1. Check Your Towing Vehicle’s Capacity

  • Refer to the vehicle’s manual to confirm the maximum towing weight for unbraked trailers.

  • Ensure the trailer weight does not exceed the permitted limit.

2. Inspect the Trailer and Tow Hitch

  • Check for any visible damage on the trailer.

  • Inspect the tow ball and hitch coupling for wear or rust.

  • Ensure the safety chain is intact.

3. Align the Trailer with the Tow Ball

  • Park your vehicle on a flat surface.

  • Use a spotter to help guide the trailer into position.

  • Align the tow ball directly under the hitch coupling.

4. Secure the Trailer to the Tow Ball

  • Lower the hitch coupling onto the tow ball.

  • Ensure the hitch handle locks in place.

  • Double-check by lifting the hitch to ensure it’s properly attached.

5. Attach the Safety Chain

  • Cross the safety chains under the hitch in an “X” shape.

  • Secure them to the towing vehicle’s designated attachment points.

6. Check the Trailer Lights

  • Connect the electrical plug from the trailer to the vehicle’s socket.

  • Test the brake lights, turn signals, and tail lights to ensure they work properly.

7. Inflate Tires to the Correct Pressure

  • Check the tire pressure and inflate them according to the manufacturer’s recommendation.

  • Inspect tires for wear, cracks, or punctures.

8. Distribute Weight Evenly

  • Avoid placing too much weight at the front or back of the trailer.

  • Keep 60% of the weight in front of the trailer axle.

9. Perform a Final Check

  • Walk around the trailer to confirm all connections are secure.

  • Ensure the load is properly strapped.

  • Take a slow test drive to check stability.

Driving Safely with an Unbraked Trailer

Once the trailer is securely hitched, you need to adjust your driving habits. Here are some key safety tips:

1. Reduce Your Speed

  • Many countries have lower speed limits for towing vehicles.

  • In the UK, the maximum speed for towing on a motorway is 60 mph.

  • In the US, speed limits vary, so check local rules.

2. Increase Stopping Distance

  • Unbraked trailers rely entirely on the towing vehicle’s brakes.

  • Maintain a larger following distance to allow extra stopping time.

3. Take Wider Turns

  • Unbraked trailers do not pivot easily.

  • Make slow, wider turns to avoid hitting curbs or other vehicles.

4. Be Aware of Trailer Sway

  • Sudden lane changes or crosswinds can cause the trailer to sway.

  • If the trailer starts swaying, reduce speed gradually—do not slam the brakes.

5. Avoid Overloading the Trailer

  • Excess weight can strain your vehicle’s braking system.

  • Keep loads balanced and secure.

Maintenance Tips for Unbraked Trailers

Regular maintenance is key to safe towing.

  • Check the hitch coupling regularly for wear.

  • Inspect tires for proper inflation and damage.

  • Lubricate moving parts like the hitch and tow ball.

  • Test lights before every trip.

Conclusion

Hitching an unbraked trailer to a towing vehicle requires careful preparation, regular maintenance, and safe driving habits. By following the right steps, you can tow with confidence and ensure a secure journey. 

FAQs

1. Can any vehicle tow an unbraked trailer?
Not all vehicles are suitable for towing. Always check your vehicle’s maximum towing capacity before attaching an unbraked trailer.

2. Do I need a special license to tow an unbraked trailer?
In most countries, a standard driver’s license allows towing small unbraked trailers. However, larger trailers may require an upgraded license.

3. What happens if my trailer starts swaying?
Reduce speed gradually and avoid sudden braking or steering movements. Distribute the weight properly to minimize swaying.

4. Do unbraked trailers need insurance?
While not always legally required, trailer insurance can protect against damage, theft, or accidents.

5. How often should I check my unbraked trailer?
Before every trip, inspect the hitch, tires, lights, and safety chains. Perform a full maintenance check every few months for safety.